Author :
Abstract
Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi uluslararası toplumu en derinden yaralayan ağır suçların cezasız kalmaması ve önlenmesi için kurulan daimî nitelikte bağımsız bir yargı kuruluşudur. Temmuz 2002’de kurulan Mahkemenin kurucu sözleşmesi 1998 tarihli Roma Statüsü’dür. Mahkemenin amacı doğrultusunda yargı yetkisi kapsamında bulunan suçlar; insanlığa karşı işlenen suçlar, soykırım suçu, savaş suçları ve saldırı suçudur. Kişi bakımından ise yalnızca bireyler üzerinde yargı yetkisine sahiptir. Yaklaşık 20 yıldır faaliyetlerini sürdüren Mahkeme’nin yargı yetkisi ve yönetimsel yapısı geçmişte kurulan Eski Yugoslavya Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi ve Ruanda Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi gibi ad hoc mahkemelerin uygulamalarından edinilen tecrübelere binaen düzenlenmiştir. Fakat edinilen tecrübelerin uygulamada kifayetsiz kalması neticesinde Mahkeme’nin amaç ve hedeflerini sekteye uğratacak birtakım eksikliklerin ve/veya yetersizliklerin açığa çıktığı gözlemlenmektedir. Bu çalışmada, öncelikle Mahkeme’nin yargı yetkisi ve yapısıyla ilgili genel bilgiler verilecektir. Sonrasında ise Mahkeme’nin karşılaştığı ve/veya karşılaşabileceği adli ve idari yetersizlikler üzerinde durulacaktır. Bu eksiklikler/ve/veya yetersizlikler, Mahkeme’nin evrenselliği ilkesi, tamamlayıcılık ilkesi, iş birliği ve adli yardım ilkesi, hakimlerin seçilmesi ve bütçe konuları bağlamında değerlendirilecektir.
Keywords
Abstract
The International Criminal Court is an independent judicial institution of a permanent nature, established to ensure impunity and prevent serious crimes that most deeply injure the international community. The establishing convention of the Court, established in July 2002, is the Rome Statute of 1998. Crimes under the jurisdiction of the court for the purpose of the court; crimes against humanity, crime of genocide, war crimes and crime of attack. The Court shall have jurisdiction over natural persons. The judicial and administrative structure of the Court, which has been operating for almost 20 years, has been regulated based on the experience gained from the practice of ad hoc courts such as the International Criminal Court for the former Yugoslavia and the International Criminal Court for Rwanda, which were established in the past. However, it is observed that as a result of the lack of experience gained in practice, a number of shortcomings and/or inadequacies have been revealed that will interrupt the goals and objectives of the Court. In this study, firstly, general information about the jurisdiction and structure of the Court will be given. After that, the judicial and administrative inadequacies that the Court faces and/or may encounter will be focused on. These deficiencies and/or inadequacies will be evaluated in the context of the universality principle of the Court, the principle of complementarity, the principle of cooperation and judicial assistance, the elections of judges and budgetary issues.
Keywords
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